Methods: Models and Tools

How much does excess weight cost in the US? Using a new method to estimate medical expenditures by continuous body mass index (BMI), this analysis finds that adult obesity was between $1,800 and $3,000 per year, accounting for over $170 billion of medical spending per year. 

These two papers describe the construction and empiric calibration of a cervical cancer microsimulation model at two time points, first leveraging primary data from a large epidemiological study (Kim et al.), and second leveraging data on type-specific HPV persistence and clearance from the control arm of vaccine trials (Campos et al.).

This paper describes a cardiovascular disease model used to evaluate prevention and treatment, and a validation process in which simulated results were compared to observed all-cause and CVD-specific mortality data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey using survival curves and ROC curves.